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Chapter 11
Personality Types
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| The real scientific
Phrenology, which established a direct link between the
morphology of the skull and the human character, was
discovered by the Austrian physician Franz Josef GALL
(1758-1828). He was one of the first to consider the
brain as the home of all mental activities.
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William Sheldon (1898-1977)
created an ingenious constitutional psychology based on a
careful examination of normal bodily and temperamental
differences which he expressed in terms of endomorphy,
mesomorphy and ectomorphy. |
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Endomorphic Body Type:
- soft body
- underdeveloped muscles
- round shaped
- over-developed digestive system
Associated personality traits:
- love of food
- tolerant
- evenness of emotions
- love of comfort
- sociable
- good humored
- relaxed
- need for affection
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Mesomorphic Body Type:
- hard, muscular body
- overly mature appearance
- rectangular shaped
- thick skin
- upright posture
Associated personality traits:
- adventurous
- desire for power and dominance
- courageous
- indifference to what others think or want
- assertive, bold
- zest for physical activity
- competitive
- love of risk and chance
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Ectomorphic Body Type:
- thin
- flat chest
- delicate build
- young appearance
- tall
- lightly muscled
- stoop-shouldered
- large brain
Associated personality traits:
- self-conscious
- preference for privacy
- introverted
- inhibited
- socially anxious
- artistic
- mentally intense
- emotionally restrained
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